Using AVRORA simulator with TinyOS

AVRORA is a popular AVR Simulation and analysis framework for simulating the programs developed for AVR micro controllers. This tool can be used to simulate the programs written in TinyOS environment with little modifications. This post explains how TinyOS programs can be simulated using AVRORA.

This was tested in UBUNTU 12.04 OS environment.

Save the files downloaded from the following steps to a folder. In my system it is
/home/prv/avrora

Step 1: Download the converter from http://compilers.cs.ucla.edu/avrora/jars/avrora-beta-1.7.091.jar

Step 2: Rename the downloaded file as avrora.jar

Step 3: Download the converter.sh file from https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B8u5Jm1ly3NYNm41UEU0ZjdzYkU/view?usp=sharing

Step 4: Open the bashrc file
            gedit ~./bashrc
            and add the following lines at the end of the file.

alias avrora='java -jar /home/prv/avrora/avrora.jar'
alias convert-avrora='sh /home/prv/avrora/converter.sh'

Step 5: Save the file and close all the consoles opened.

Now, to test the AVRORA setup, run any application programmed in TinyOS.

For example, go to the folder Blinks available in /opt/tinyos-2.1.2/tos/apps.

compile the program

make mica2

it creates a build folder in which you will find micaz2 sub folder. Move to it.
In micaz2 folder there exists a main.exe file. This file is the main file consists of  application and TinyOS environment.

convert it into avrora environment as follows

convert-avrora main.exe blink.od

Now, run the avrora

avrora -seconds=5.0 -platform=mica2 blink.od

This command runs the blink application for one sensor node. To do the same for multiple nodes use the following command

avrora -simulation=sensor-network -seconds=10.0 -nodecount=2 blink.od

The screen shot after running the command

avrora -simulation=sensor-network -seconds=2.0 -nodecount=1 blink.od

is as follows

References

[1] http://compilers.cs.ucla.edu/avrora/
[2] http://mythicalcomputer.blogspot.in

Installing TinyOS in UBUNTU 12.04 LTS

This installation procedure was tested on UBUNTU 12.04 LTS

Requirements: An UNBTU 12.04 LTS 32-bit system with Internet connectivity

step 1: open command line and type

    sudo gedit /etc/apt/sources.list

step 2: add the following repository at the end of the list

    deb http://tinyos.stanford.edu/tinyos/dists/ubuntu lucid main

step 3: save the file and run

    sudo apt-get update

step 4: Install nesC compiler which is required for TinyOS programming. This step also install java environment.

    sudo apt-get install nesc

step 5: Install the cross tools (tool-chain), Debian MSP430 and Debian AVR using following

    sudo apt-get install msp430-tinyos avr-binutils-tinyos msp430-gcc-tinyos msp430-libc-tinyos

step 6: Install g++ compiler. (This step can be ignored if it is already installed on the system). Also install python development.


    sudo apt-get install g++

    sudo apt-get install  python-dev -y


step 7: Install automake tool

    sudo apt-get install automake

Step 8: Install tinyos operating system

    sudo apt-get install tinyos

    This command prompts for existing tinyos versions for download. Select a suitable version and download as shown below.

    sudo apt-get install tinyos-2.1.2
   
step 9: change the perimissions of tinyos installation folder

    sudo chmod -R 777 /opt/tinyos-2.1.2

step 10: create a file called tinyos.sh in /opt/tinyos-2.1.2

    sudo gedit /opt/tinyos-2.1.2/tinyos.sh

step 10: copy and past the following content in the tinyos.sh file

    # Here we setup the environment
    # variables needed by the tinyos
    # make system

    export TOSROOT=/opt/tinyos-2.1.2
    export TOSDIR=$TOSROOT/tos
    export MAKERULES=$TOSROOT/support/make/Makerules
    export CLASSPATH=$TOSROOT/support/sdk/java/tinyos.jar:.
    export PYTHONPATH=.:$TOSROOT/support/sdk/python:$PYTHONPATH
    export PATH=$TOSROOT/support/sdk/c:$PATH

    echo "setting up TinyOS on source path $TOSROOT"

step 11: open bashrc file

    sudo gedit ~/.bashrc

    and add the following content at the end of the file

    #Tinyos path
    source /opt/tinyos-2.1.2/tinyos.sh

step 12: close the terminal and reopen to see the tinyos path estalishment

   

Installing Lyx in UBUNTU

Lyx is a latex editor (WYSIWYM) which helps researchers and writers to edit their content. Latest version of the Lyx can be obtained as follows

$ sudo add-apt-repository ppa:lyx-devel/release
$ sudo apt-get update
$ sudo apt-get install lyx

Installing Remastersys in UBUNTU

Remastersys is a back up and recovery software that helps you to create custom/ boot able live CD/DVD of the entire UBUNTU distribution. This software can be installed as follows


$ sudo add-apt-repository "deb http://www.geekconnection.org/remastersys/repository karmic/"


$ sudo apt-get update
$ sudo apt-get install remastersys

Installing ns-2.35 in UBUNTU operating system

Step 1: open the command prompt Ctrl + Alt + T
Step 2: In the command prompt do the following
  $ sudo apt-get update
  $ sudo apt-get upgrade (this is optional)
  $  sudo apt-get install build-essential autoconf automake tcl8.5-dev tk8.5-dev perl xgraph libxt-dev  
   libx11-dev libxmu-dev    
Step 3: Download the ns allinone tar file to home folder (ex. home/prv/)
$ tar -xvzf /home/prv/Documents/ns-allinone-2.35.tar.gz
$ cd ns-allinone-2.35
prv@prv:~ns-allinone-2.35$  ./install
Step 4:  Perform the path settings
# LD_LIBRARY_PATH
OTCL_LIB=/home/prv/ns-allinone-2.35/otcl-1.14/
NS2_LIB=/home/prv/ns-allinone-2.35/lib/
USR_Local_LIB=/usr/local/lib/
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:$OTCL_LIB:$NS2_LIB:$USR_Local_LIB

# TCL_LIBRARY
TCL_LIB=/home/prv/ns-allinone-2.35/tcl8.5.10/library/
USR_LIB=/usr/lib/
export TCL_LIBRARY=$TCL_LIBRARY:$TCL_LIB:$USR_LIB

# PATH
XGRAPH=/home/prv/ns-allinone-2.35/xgraph-12.2/:/home/prv/ns-allinone-2.35/bin/:/home/prv/ns-allinone-2.35/tcl8.5.10/unix/:/home/prv/ns-allinone-2.35/tk8.5.10/unix/
NS=/home/prv/ns-allinone-2.35/ns-2.35/
NAM=/home/prv/ns-allinone-2.35/nam-1.15/
export PATH=$PATH:$XGRAPH:$NS:$NAM

Simulating GAF in NS-2

Geographic Adaptive Fidelity (GAF) is a protocol that can be used along with other protocols such as AODV, DSR etc. 

Here I am providing steps to run GAF

One can look into the ../ns-2.35/tcl/test folder for already existing TCL files

GAF can run as follows

$ ns test-all-wireless-lan-gaf.tcl gaf

However this way doing can take very long time to complete the simulation. You may open the file and can change the simulation time to a small time (by default 800 seconds is the sim time). 

The simulation traces will be available in temp.rands file.

You can also add nam trace file as follows

set namtrace      [open $opt(tr).nam w]

$ns_ namtrace-all-wireless $namtrace $opt(x) $opt(y)

in TestSuite instproc init {} function

Once the simulation is completed, you can view the simulation through nam by typing the command as follows

nam temp.rands.nam