This post is an extension to the broadcast example. In this, I am going to explain how a node can be entered into promiscuous mode so that it can overhear the packets sent, forward or received by neighboring nodes. It all require a class called Tap which is available in mac.h header file. Tap class offer a function called void tap(const Packet *p). To define the tap function, we need to inherit the class Tap. Usage of tap function and Tap class has shown with the broadcast example.
/* This Protocol perform Simple broad cast and overhear the packets of neighboring nodes
* sbcast.h
*
* Created on: 19-May-2013
* Author: P. RAGHU VAMSI
* @ JAYPEE INSTITUTE OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY UNIVERSITY, INDIA
* @ prvonline@yahoo.co.in
*/
#ifndef SBCAST_H_
#define SBCAST_H_
// Include mac header to overhear
#include
#define CURRENT_TIME Scheduler::instance().clock()
#define MAX_NODES 20
#define JITTER (Random::uniform()*0.5)
#define CURRENT_TIME Scheduler::instance().clock()
#define HDR_BEACON(p) (hdr_beacon *) hdr_beacon::access(p)
struct hdr_beacon {
nsaddr_t addr_;
u_int8_t seq_num_;
inline nsaddr_t & addr() { return addr_; }
inline u_int8_t & seq_num() { return seq_num_; }
static int offset_;
inline static int & offset() { return offset_; }
inline static hdr_beacon * access(const Packet *p) {
return (hdr_beacon*) p->access(offset_);
}
};
class SBAgent;
class BcastTimer : public TimerHandler {
protected:
SBAgent *agent_;
virtual void expire(Event *e);
public:
BcastTimer(SBAgent *agent):TimerHandler(),agent_(agent) { }
};
class SBAgent : public Tap,public Agent {
protected:
friend class BcastTimer;
private:
BcastTimer btimer_;
PortClassifier *dmux_;
Trace *logtarget_;
nsaddr_t my_addr_;
int seq_num_;
int node_count;
// for obtaining the mac of the node
Mac *mac_;
public:
static int pkt_received[MAX_NODES];
static int pkt_send[MAX_NODES];
static int no_of_nodes;
static int color_count;
SBAgent();
int command(int,const char*const*);
void recv(Packet *,Handler *);
void sendBeacon();
void resetBcastTimer();
inline nsaddr_t & my_addr() { return my_addr_;}
void changeColor();
//Tap to overhear the packets (or) to enter into promiscous mode
void tap(const Packet *);
};
#endif /* SBCAST_H_ */
sbcast.cc
/*
* sbcast.cc
* This Protocol perform Simple broad cast
* Created on: 19-May-2013
* Author: P. RAGHU VAMSI
* @ JAYPEE INSTITUTE OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY UNIVERSITY, INDIA
* @ prvonline@yahoo.co.in
*/
#include "sbcast.h"
#include "mobilenode.h"
// TCL Hooks
int hdr_beacon::offset_;
static class SBcastHeaderClass : public PacketHeaderClass {
public:
SBcastHeaderClass():PacketHeaderClass("PacketHeader/SB",sizeof(hdr_beacon)) {
bind_offset(&hdr_beacon::offset_);
}
}class_hdr_sbcast;
static class SBcastClass : public TclClass {
public:
SBcastClass():TclClass("Agent/SB") { }
TclObject *create(int argc,const char*const* argv) {
return (new SBAgent());
}
virtual void bind(); // for access of static variables
virtual int method(int argc, const char*const* argv);
}class_sbagent;
int SBAgent::pkt_received[MAX_NODES];
int SBAgent::pkt_send[MAX_NODES];
int SBAgent::no_of_nodes;
int SBAgent::color_count;
void SBcastClass::bind() {
TclClass::bind();
add_method("print-stats");
}
int SBcastClass::method(int ac, const char*const* av) {
int argc = ac - 2;
const char*const* argv = av + 2;
if (argc == 2) {
if(strcmp(argv[1],"print-stats")==0){
for(int i=0;
i printf("Packets Sent By Node %d : %d \n",i,SBAgent::pkt_send[i]);
printf("Packets Received By Node %d : %d \n",i,SBAgent::pkt_received[i]);
}
}
return TCL_OK;
}
}
SBAgent::SBAgent():Agent(PT_SB),btimer_(this) {
bind("node_count",&node_count);
no_of_nodes = node_count;
}
int SBAgent::command(int argc,const char*const* argv) {
if(argc==2){
if(strcmp(argv[1],"start")==0){
my_addr_ = addr();
return TCL_OK;
}
if(strcmp(argv[1],"base-station")==0){
btimer_.resched((double)0.1);
my_addr_ = addr();
return TCL_OK;
}
}else if (argc == 3) {
// Obtains corresponding dmux to carry packets to upper layers
if (strcmp(argv[1], "port-dmux") == 0) {
dmux_ = (PortClassifier*)TclObject::lookup(argv[2]);
if (dmux_ == 0) {
fprintf(stderr, "%s: %s lookup of %s failed\n",
__FILE__,
argv[1],
argv[2]);
return TCL_ERROR;
}
return TCL_OK;
}
if (strcmp(argv[1], "log-target") == 0 ||
strcmp(argv[1], "tracetarget") == 0) {
logtarget_ = (Trace*)TclObject::lookup(argv[2]);
if (logtarget_ == 0)
return TCL_ERROR;
return TCL_OK;
}
/* Add a command to install tap on a mac layer of a node */
if (strcmp(argv[1], "install-tap") == 0) {
mac_ = (Mac*) TclObject::lookup(argv[2]);
mac_->installTap(this);
return TCL_OK;
}
}
return (Agent::command(argc,argv));
}
void BcastTimer::expire(Event *e) {
agent_->sendBeacon();
agent_->changeColor();
agent_->resetBcastTimer();
}
void SBAgent::resetBcastTimer() {
btimer_.resched((double)0.5);
}
void SBAgent::sendBeacon() {
Packet* p = allocpkt();
struct hdr_cmn* ch = HDR_CMN(p);
struct hdr_ip* ih = HDR_IP(p);
struct hdr_beacon * ph = HDR_BEACON(p);
ph->addr() = my_addr();
ph->seq_num() = seq_num_++;
ch->ptype() = PT_SB;
ch->direction() = hdr_cmn::DOWN;
ch->size() = IP_HDR_LEN;
ch->error() = 0;
ch->next_hop() = IP_BROADCAST;
ch->addr_type() = NS_AF_INET;
ih->saddr() = my_addr();
ih->daddr() = IP_BROADCAST;
ih->sport() = RT_PORT;
ih->dport() = RT_PORT;
ih->ttl() = IP_DEF_TTL;
pkt_send[my_addr()]++;
send(p,0);
}
void SBAgent::recv(Packet *p,Handler *h) {
struct hdr_cmn *ch = HDR_CMN(p);
if(ch->ptype() == PT_SB) {
pkt_received[my_addr()]++;
}
}
void SBAgent::changeColor() {
char *color[5] = {"blue","brown","red","yellow","purple"};
Tcl& tcl = Tcl::instance();
tcl.evalf("%s set node_", name());
const char *node_object = tcl.result();
Tcl::instance().evalf("$ns at %f \"%s color %s\"",CURRENT_TIME,
node_object,color[color_count]);
if(color_count >= 4) color_count=0;
else color_count++;
}
/* Define the tap function to overhear the packets (or) to enter
* into promiscuos mode.
*/
void SBAgent::tap(const Packet *p) {
struct hdr_cmn* ch = HDR_CMN(p);
struct hdr_beacon * ph = HDR_BEACON(p);
printf("\n Node: %d IN TAP: from %d Seq Number: %d Packet Type: %d",my_addr(),ph->addr_,ph->seq_num_,ch->ptype());
}
/* This Protocol perform Simple broad cast and overhear the packets of neighboring nodes
* sbcast.h
*
* Created on: 19-May-2013
* Author: P. RAGHU VAMSI
* @ JAYPEE INSTITUTE OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY UNIVERSITY, INDIA
* @ prvonline@yahoo.co.in
*/
#ifndef SBCAST_H_
#define SBCAST_H_
// Include mac header to overhear
#include
#define CURRENT_TIME Scheduler::instance().clock()
#define MAX_NODES 20
#define JITTER (Random::uniform()*0.5)
#define CURRENT_TIME Scheduler::instance().clock()
#define HDR_BEACON(p) (hdr_beacon *) hdr_beacon::access(p)
struct hdr_beacon {
nsaddr_t addr_;
u_int8_t seq_num_;
inline nsaddr_t & addr() { return addr_; }
inline u_int8_t & seq_num() { return seq_num_; }
static int offset_;
inline static int & offset() { return offset_; }
inline static hdr_beacon * access(const Packet *p) {
return (hdr_beacon*) p->access(offset_);
}
};
class SBAgent;
class BcastTimer : public TimerHandler {
protected:
SBAgent *agent_;
virtual void expire(Event *e);
public:
BcastTimer(SBAgent *agent):TimerHandler(),agent_(agent) { }
};
class SBAgent : public Tap,public Agent {
protected:
friend class BcastTimer;
private:
BcastTimer btimer_;
PortClassifier *dmux_;
Trace *logtarget_;
nsaddr_t my_addr_;
int seq_num_;
int node_count;
// for obtaining the mac of the node
Mac *mac_;
public:
static int pkt_received[MAX_NODES];
static int pkt_send[MAX_NODES];
static int no_of_nodes;
static int color_count;
SBAgent();
int command(int,const char*const*);
void recv(Packet *,Handler *);
void sendBeacon();
void resetBcastTimer();
inline nsaddr_t & my_addr() { return my_addr_;}
void changeColor();
//Tap to overhear the packets (or) to enter into promiscous mode
void tap(const Packet *);
};
#endif /* SBCAST_H_ */
sbcast.cc
/*
* sbcast.cc
* This Protocol perform Simple broad cast
* Created on: 19-May-2013
* Author: P. RAGHU VAMSI
* @ JAYPEE INSTITUTE OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY UNIVERSITY, INDIA
* @ prvonline@yahoo.co.in
*/
#include "sbcast.h"
#include "mobilenode.h"
// TCL Hooks
int hdr_beacon::offset_;
static class SBcastHeaderClass : public PacketHeaderClass {
public:
SBcastHeaderClass():PacketHeaderClass("PacketHeader/SB",sizeof(hdr_beacon)) {
bind_offset(&hdr_beacon::offset_);
}
}class_hdr_sbcast;
static class SBcastClass : public TclClass {
public:
SBcastClass():TclClass("Agent/SB") { }
TclObject *create(int argc,const char*const* argv) {
return (new SBAgent());
}
virtual void bind(); // for access of static variables
virtual int method(int argc, const char*const* argv);
}class_sbagent;
int SBAgent::pkt_received[MAX_NODES];
int SBAgent::pkt_send[MAX_NODES];
int SBAgent::no_of_nodes;
int SBAgent::color_count;
void SBcastClass::bind() {
TclClass::bind();
add_method("print-stats");
}
int SBcastClass::method(int ac, const char*const* av) {
int argc = ac - 2;
const char*const* argv = av + 2;
if (argc == 2) {
if(strcmp(argv[1],"print-stats")==0){
for(int i=0;
i
printf("Packets Received By Node %d : %d \n",i,SBAgent::pkt_received[i]);
}
}
return TCL_OK;
}
}
SBAgent::SBAgent():Agent(PT_SB),btimer_(this) {
bind("node_count",&node_count);
no_of_nodes = node_count;
}
int SBAgent::command(int argc,const char*const* argv) {
if(argc==2){
if(strcmp(argv[1],"start")==0){
my_addr_ = addr();
return TCL_OK;
}
if(strcmp(argv[1],"base-station")==0){
btimer_.resched((double)0.1);
my_addr_ = addr();
return TCL_OK;
}
}else if (argc == 3) {
// Obtains corresponding dmux to carry packets to upper layers
if (strcmp(argv[1], "port-dmux") == 0) {
dmux_ = (PortClassifier*)TclObject::lookup(argv[2]);
if (dmux_ == 0) {
fprintf(stderr, "%s: %s lookup of %s failed\n",
__FILE__,
argv[1],
argv[2]);
return TCL_ERROR;
}
return TCL_OK;
}
if (strcmp(argv[1], "log-target") == 0 ||
strcmp(argv[1], "tracetarget") == 0) {
logtarget_ = (Trace*)TclObject::lookup(argv[2]);
if (logtarget_ == 0)
return TCL_ERROR;
return TCL_OK;
}
/* Add a command to install tap on a mac layer of a node */
if (strcmp(argv[1], "install-tap") == 0) {
mac_ = (Mac*) TclObject::lookup(argv[2]);
mac_->installTap(this);
return TCL_OK;
}
}
return (Agent::command(argc,argv));
}
void BcastTimer::expire(Event *e) {
agent_->sendBeacon();
agent_->changeColor();
agent_->resetBcastTimer();
}
void SBAgent::resetBcastTimer() {
btimer_.resched((double)0.5);
}
void SBAgent::sendBeacon() {
Packet* p = allocpkt();
struct hdr_cmn* ch = HDR_CMN(p);
struct hdr_ip* ih = HDR_IP(p);
struct hdr_beacon * ph = HDR_BEACON(p);
ph->addr() = my_addr();
ph->seq_num() = seq_num_++;
ch->ptype() = PT_SB;
ch->direction() = hdr_cmn::DOWN;
ch->size() = IP_HDR_LEN;
ch->error() = 0;
ch->next_hop() = IP_BROADCAST;
ch->addr_type() = NS_AF_INET;
ih->saddr() = my_addr();
ih->daddr() = IP_BROADCAST;
ih->sport() = RT_PORT;
ih->dport() = RT_PORT;
ih->ttl() = IP_DEF_TTL;
pkt_send[my_addr()]++;
send(p,0);
}
void SBAgent::recv(Packet *p,Handler *h) {
struct hdr_cmn *ch = HDR_CMN(p);
if(ch->ptype() == PT_SB) {
pkt_received[my_addr()]++;
}
}
void SBAgent::changeColor() {
char *color[5] = {"blue","brown","red","yellow","purple"};
Tcl& tcl = Tcl::instance();
tcl.evalf("%s set node_", name());
const char *node_object = tcl.result();
Tcl::instance().evalf("$ns at %f \"%s color %s\"",CURRENT_TIME,
node_object,color[color_count]);
if(color_count >= 4) color_count=0;
else color_count++;
}
/* Define the tap function to overhear the packets (or) to enter
* into promiscuos mode.
*/
void SBAgent::tap(const Packet *p) {
struct hdr_cmn* ch = HDR_CMN(p);
struct hdr_beacon * ph = HDR_BEACON(p);
printf("\n Node: %d IN TAP: from %d Seq Number: %d Packet Type: %d",my_addr(),ph->addr_,ph->seq_num_,ch->ptype());
}
bcast.tcl
#===================================
# Simulation parameters setup
#===================================
set val(chan) Channel/WirelessChannel ;# channel type
set val(prop) Propagation/TwoRayGround ;# radio-propagation model
set val(netif) Phy/WirelessPhy ;# network interface type
set val(mac) Mac/802_11 ;# MAC type
set val(ifq) Queue/DropTail/PriQueue ;# interface queue type
set val(ll) LL ;# link layer type
set val(ant) Antenna/OmniAntenna ;# antenna model
set val(ifqlen) 50 ;# max packet in ifq
set val(nn) 5 ;# number of mobilenodes
set val(rp) SB ;# routing protocol
set val(ie) 100 ; # initial energy of a node
set val(em) EnergyModel ; # Energy model
set val(x) 100 ;# X dimension of topography
set val(y) 100 ;# Y dimension of topography
set val(stop) 50
Agent/SB set node_count $val(nn)
#===================================
# Attaching selected headers
#===================================
remove-all-packet-headers
add-packet-header Mac LL IP ARP LL SB
#===================================
# Initialization
#===================================
#Create a ns simulator
set ns [new Simulator]
#Setup topography object
set topo [new Topography]
$topo load_flatgrid $val(x) $val(y)
create-god $val(nn)
#Open the NS trace file
set tracefile [open bcast.tr w]
$ns trace-all $tracefile
#Open the NAM trace file
set namfile [open bcast.nam w]
$ns namtrace-all $namfile
$ns namtrace-all-wireless $namfile $val(x) $val(y)
set chan [new $val(chan)];#Create wireless channel
Mac/802_11 set dataRate 512Kbps
#===================================
# Node parameter setup
#===================================
$ns node-config -adhocRouting $val(rp) \
-llType $val(ll) \
-macType $val(mac) \
-ifqType $val(ifq) \
-ifqLen $val(ifqlen) \
-antType $val(ant) \
-propType $val(prop) \
-phyType $val(netif) \
-channel $chan \
-topoInstance $topo \
-agentTrace ON \
-routerTrace ON \
-macTrace ON \
-movementTrace OFF \
-energyModel $val(em) \
-initialEnergy $val(ie) \
-rxPower 35.25e-23 \
-txPower 31.21e-23 \
-idlePower 712e-6 \
-sleepPower 144e-9
#===================================
# Nodes Definition
#===================================
for {set i 0} {$i < $val(nn)} {incr i} {
set node_($i) [$ns node]
$node_($i) color blue
}
for {set i 0} {$i < $val(nn)} {incr i} {
set u_($i) [new Agent/SB]
$ns attach-agent $node_($i) $u_($i)
}
$node_(0) set X_ 0.0
$node_(0) set Y_ 0.0
$node_(0) set Z_ 0
$node_(1) set X_ 40.0
$node_(1) set Y_ 0.0
$node_(1) set Z_ 0
$node_(2) set X_ 25.0
$node_(2) set Y_ 0.0
$node_(2) set Z_ 0
$node_(3) set X_ 0.0
$node_(3) set Y_ 75.0
$node_(3) set Z_ 0
$node_(4) set X_ 60.0
$node_(4) set Y_ 20.0
$node_(4) set Z_ 0
#$ns at 1.0 "$node_(0) setdest 99.0 99.0 15.0"
for {set i 0} {$i < $val(nn)} {incr i} {
$ns at 0.0 "[$node_($i) set ragent_] base-station"
}
for {set i 0} {$i < $val(nn)} {incr i} {
$ns initial_node_pos $node_($i) 10
}
for {set i 0} {$i < $val(nn)} {incr i} {
[$node_($i) set ragent_] install-tap [$node_($i) set mac_(0)]
}
proc finish {} {
global ns tracefile namfile
$ns flush-trace
close $tracefile
close $namfile
Agent/SB print-stats
exec nam bcast.nam &
exit 0
}
#===================================
# Reset the nodes
#===================================
for {set i 0} {$i < $val(nn) } { incr i } {
$ns at $val(stop) "$node_($i) reset"
}
#===================================
# Simulation start up
#===================================
$ns at $val(stop) "$ns nam-end-wireless $val(stop)"
$ns at $val(stop) "finish"
$ns at $val(stop) "puts \"done\" ; $ns halt"
puts "before sim run"
$ns run
6 comments:
hey can u tell how to make dese changes in aodv.cc.i want a particular node to be in promiscous mode,can u plz help me in achieving dat...
thanks in advance sir
Hi,
I have successfully set nodes to do promiscuous listen. still i have some doubt in this. Consider this situation, node 1 has a neighbors 2, 3 and 4 and node 1 set as promiscuous mode. Node 1 wants to know whether its packets to be forwarded by the nodes 2, 3 and 4 or not (drop). How to check this?. If you want, i will give some code detail in my future comment... Please help me in this. Waiting for your reply...
Thank you
Hi,
i got error implementing promiscuous node.sbcast/sbcast.h:41:1: error: ‘PortClassifier’ does not name a type
sbcast/sbcast.cc: In member function ‘int SBAgent::command(int, char**)’:
sbcast/sbcast.cc:74:1: error: ‘dmux_’ was not declared in this scope
sbcast/sbcast.cc:74:10: error: ‘PortClassifier’ was not declared in this scope
sbcast/sbcast.cc:74:25: error: expected primary-expression before ‘)’ token
sbcast/sbcast.cc:74:26: error: expected ‘;’ before ‘TclObject’
sbcast/sbcast.cc: In member function ‘virtual int SBcastClass::method(int, const char* const*)’:
sbcast/sbcast.cc:55:1: warning: control reaches end of non-void function [-Wreturn-type]
make: *** [sbcast/sbcast.o] Error 1
this is error i got please anyone help me to solve this problem
sir,
i had one doubt.please verify it for me. when we are in promiscous mode, we use tap function on mac layer. so , the nodes will hear the packets irrespective of the address present in the mac header???
Sir, I tried running this code but its showing the following error
invalid command name "Agent/SB"
while executing
"Agent/SB set node_count $val(nn)"
(file "bcast.tcl" line 20)
can anyone help me out
ya Reena Varghese.. you need to add the agent in makefile.. however the code is having fault ...
for loop in sbcast.cc is not correct ...
int SBcastClass::method(int ac, const char*const* av) {
int argc = ac - 2;
const char*const* argv = av + 2;
if (argc == 2) {
if(strcmp(argv[1],"print-stats")==0){
for(int i=0;
i printf("Packets Sent By Node %d : %d \n",i,SBAgent::pkt_send[i]);
printf("Packets Received By Node %d : %d \n",i,SBAgent::pkt_received[i]);
}
}
return TCL_OK;
}
}
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